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Literally 'owned' — the military slave dynasty that ruled Egypt and Syria during Ibn Battuta's travels. The Mamluk state was one of the most powerful in the Muslim world, and Ibn Battuta's descriptions of their court, architecture, and scholars provide invaluable historical testimony.
As understood in the classical tradition of Ibn Battuta and the scholars of his school.
Every book above uses Mamluk the way the classical scholars meant it. Listen with the full Study Kit in the app.